Ngozi Kalu Achi - Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
Chinedum Ogbonnaya Eleazu - Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Chimaraoke Onyeabo - Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
Winner Kalu - Department of Biochemistry, Rhema University, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
Kate Eleazu - Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki, Nigeria

Objective: The effect of Syzygium malaccense methanol leaf extract (SMLE) on some parameters of testosterone-estradiol valerate induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats was assayed.Materials and Methods: Thirty male albino rats were used and they were grouped as: Control: received ۱ mL/kg olive oil (oral and subcutaneous); BPH: received subcutaneously ۹ mg/kg dihydrotestosterone (DHT)+۰.۹ mg/kg estradiol valerate (ESV) and orally ۱ ml/kg olive oil; finasteride: received ۹ mg/kg of DHT+۰.۹ mg/kg ESV (subcutaneously) and ۵ mg/kg finasteride (orally) and test groups ۱ and ۲: received ۹ mg/kg of DHT+۰.۹ mg/kg ESV (subcutaneously) and ۲۰۰ and ۴۰۰ mg/kg SMLE (orally). The duration of the treatment was ۲۸ days.Results: The BPH group had increased prostatic total proteins, oxidative stress, interleukin ۸, tumor necrosis factor-α, prostate weights, serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, and C-reactive protein, dyslipidaemia, altered prostate histology and hormonal levels but had no significant change (p>۰.۰۵) in haematological indices relative to the control. Finasteride or S. malaccense modulated most of these parameters as corroborated by prostate histology. Acute toxicity study indicated the non-toxicity of SMLE. SMLE showed strong in vitro antioxidant activity which corroborated its in vivo antioxidant activity.Conclusion: The study showed that S. malaccense could be useful in the management of BPH.

Prostate hyperplasia, Nutrition, Oxidative stress, Antioxidants, toxicology