Fatemeh Kafshgar - M.Sc. of Architecture and Energy
Afshin Saeedian - M.Sc. of Architecture and Energy
Amirali Ghourkhanehchi Zirak - M.Sc. of Architecture and Energy

has emerged as a metric, playing a dual role in reducing heating energydemand in buildings and enhancing indoor comfort. For achieving an ideal atrium design,this study explores various parameters, including alterations in the shape and angle of theatrium roof. Furthermore, the research takes into account the substantial influence ofatrium roof structures on achieving the desired balance between useful daylight and glare.By using Rhino software and the Climate Studio plugin, various atrium designs weresimulated, encompassing sawtooth, dome, flat, sloping, and curved-shaped skylightmodels. Within each design category, the most optimal alternative was meticulouslypinpointed by closely analyzing key output metrics such as Spatial Daylight Autonomy(sDA), Annual Solar Exposure (ASE), and Spatial Disturbing Glare (sDG). Subsequently,these optimal alternatives from each group were subjected to a comprehensivecomparative analysis, allowing for the identification of standout solutions from thediverse array of possibilities. Conclusively, curved-shaped skylights with increasedheights were selected as the ideal atrium design.

Visual Comfort, Atrium Design, Daylight, Spatial Daylight Autonomy, Annual SunlightExposure, Spatial Disturbing Glare