Ali Reza Arabestanino - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani - Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Arman Ai - Department of Neuro Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran University Medical of Science, Tehran, Iran
Bita Dinarvand - Department of Neuro Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University Medical of Science, Tehran, Iran

Abnormalities of several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been identified in carcinomas during the last decade and of pathological warfare and physiological traits, and multiple genetic changes have been demonstrated in individual carcinomas. We conducted a systematic review of studies enrolling adolescents and adults with Carcinoma, every type in which a cancer intervention was randomized, or all study designs in which there was a primary or secondary outcome. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews from ۱۹۹۰ to June ۲۰۱۵. Two reviewers evaluated study eligibility and abstracted data. In total, ۶۷ studies were included and consisted of ۶۲ randomized trials, reviews, and ۵ studies. None of the studies (۰/۸۱) provided a definition. Only one randomized trial provided a definition. We were unable to identify any definitions used in studies of adolescents and adults with Carcinoma. Given that a proportion of this population may receive intensive treatment, there is an urgent need for consensus-based definitions of use across trials and review systematic & and meta-analysis.

Carcinoma, Histopathologic, Multiple genetic, oncogene, Stem Cell