Effect of different weed management practices on growth, yield and yield components of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in Bale highland conditions, Southeastern Ethiopia

Weed is the major production constraints for Faba bean production in Bale Highlands. Its management is quite important to increase the production and productivity of the crop. Due to such gaps, The experiment was conducted at two locations: Sinana (on-station and on farmers field) during ۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۱۶ “Bona” main cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of hoeing plus hand weeding frequencies on the yield of faba bean. The treatments consisted of eleven weed management options: weedy check, Hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ days after emergence (DAE) and then at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۷ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ and then ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۷ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE, Hoeing at ۷ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۱۴ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE and then at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۱۴ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE, Hoeing at ۱۴ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۲۱ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۲۸ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Weed removal at ۵۰% pod setting stage. It was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results indicate that Faba bean plant was flowered and matured early when infested with weeds as compared to well weed controlled treatments at both sites. The growth and yield attributes of Faba bean were significantly reduced when the crop was left unweeded. The result also showed there was ۴۱% and ۳۵% yield reduction were occurred due to total weed infestation of Faba bean as compared to the recommended two times hand weeding at on-station and on-farm respectively. Hoeing at ۷ DAE plus twice hand weeding gave a yield advantage of ۵۱% and ۱۷% as compared to weedy check and the recommended two times hand weeding at on-station. There was ۵۱% and ۴۱% yield penalty while farmers remove weed at ۵۰% pod setting stage for the purpose of feeding their livestock as compared to hoeing at ۷ DAE plus twice hand weeding and the recommended two times hand weeding at on-station. Similarly, there was a yield loss of ۱۷% while weed removal at ۵۰% pod setting stage as compared to the recommended two times hand weeding and hoeing at ۲۸ DAE plus once hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE at on-farm. Thus, it was concluded that the use of weed management options as of hoeing at ۷ DAE plus hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE was more economically profitable and has an acceptable marginal rate of return at both locations.Weed is the major production constraints for Faba bean production in Bale Highlands. Its management is quite important to increase the production and productivity of the crop. Due to such gaps, The experiment was conducted at two locations: Sinana (on-station and on farmers field) during ۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۱۶ “Bona” main cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of hoeing plus hand weeding frequencies on the yield of faba bean. The treatments consisted of eleven weed management options: weedy check, Hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ days after emergence (DAE) and then at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۷ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ and then ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۷ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE, Hoeing at ۷ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۱۴ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE and then at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۱۴ DAE + hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE, Hoeing at ۱۴ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۲۱ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Hoeing at ۲۸ DAE + hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE, Weed removal at ۵۰% pod setting stage. It was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results indicate that Faba bean plant was flowered and matured early when infested with weeds as compared to well weed controlled treatments at both sites. The growth and yield attributes of Faba bean were significantly reduced when the crop was left unweeded. The result also showed there was ۴۱% and ۳۵% yield reduction were occurred due to total weed infestation of Faba bean as compared to the recommended two times hand weeding at on-station and on-farm respectively. Hoeing at ۷ DAE plus twice hand weeding gave a yield advantage of ۵۱% and ۱۷% as compared to weedy check and the recommended two times hand weeding at on-station. There was ۵۱% and ۴۱% yield penalty while farmers remove weed at ۵۰% pod setting stage for the purpose of feeding their livestock as compared to hoeing at ۷ DAE plus twice hand weeding and the recommended two times hand weeding at on-station. Similarly, there was a yield loss of ۱۷% while weed removal at ۵۰% pod setting stage as compared to the recommended two times hand weeding and hoeing at ۲۸ DAE plus once hand weeding at ۴۰-۴۵ DAE at on-farm. Thus, it was concluded that the use of weed management options as of hoeing at ۷ DAE plus hand weeding at ۲۵-۳۰ DAE was more economically profitable and has an acceptable marginal rate of return at both locations.

کلیدواژه ها:

Faba bean ، Hand weeding management ، Hoeing ، Weed