Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Mineral Groundwater Quality in Ardabil Province, Iran
- سال انتشار: 1396
- محل انتشار: مجله بین المللی مطالعات سلامت، دوره: 3، شماره: 4
- کد COI اختصاصی: JR_IJHS-3-4_007
- زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
- تعداد مشاهده: 42
نویسندگان
۱. Khak Azmi Moghan Co, Ardabil, Iran.
۲. Ardabil's Regional water company, Ardabil, Iran.
۳. Piranshahr Health Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
۴. School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
چکیده
Background: The present study was conducted to determine the quality of mineral ground waters and analyze their spatial distribution in Ardabil Province of Iran.Methods: This descriptive analytical study was carried out on natural mineral water wells in Ardabil Province over one year. Samples of water were taken from a total of ۴۴ wells in this province every season, from April ۲۰۱۶ to February ۲۰۱۷. They were then transferred to Khak Azmay-e Moghan Laboratory and their Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), chloride, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, sodium and bicarbonate were measured based on the instructions presented in Standard Methods. The Ground Water Quality Index (GWQI) was then determined based on the measured parameters. The spatial distribution of the ground waters based on the GWQI was then also determined in a Geographic Information System (GIS).Results: The GWQI varied extensively in the natural mineral water wells of Ardabil Province, from ۲۴.۸۸ to ۳۱۲.۵۸. The best physicochemical quality based on the GWQI was observed in Hammam-e Sangi and the poorest quality in Saghezji-Mardaneh. According to the index, ۲.۵% of the wells were of very good quality, ۳۰% were of good quality, ۳۲% of moderate quality, ۱۳.۵% of poor quality and ۲۲% were of inappropriate quality.Conclusions: According to the results, the most important quality problems included high levels of TDS, chlorine and sulfate and low pH values. Considering that these wells supply people’s drinking water in this region, consumers should be warned of their water quality, and purification procedures should also be carried out to allow the hygienic use of these valuable resources.Background: The present study was conducted to determine the quality of mineral ground waters and analyze their spatial distribution in Ardabil Province of Iran. Methods: This descriptive analytical study was carried out on natural mineral water wells in Ardabil Province over one year. Samples of water were taken from a total of ۴۴ wells in this province every season, from April ۲۰۱۶ to February ۲۰۱۷. They were then transferred to Khak Azmay-e Moghan Laboratory and their Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), chloride, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, sodium and bicarbonate were measured based on the instructions presented in Standard Methods. The Ground Water Quality Index (GWQI) was then determined based on the measured parameters. The spatial distribution of the ground waters based on the GWQI was then also determined in a Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: The GWQI varied extensively in the natural mineral water wells of Ardabil Province, from ۲۴.۸۸ to ۳۱۲.۵۸. The best physicochemical quality based on the GWQI was observed in Hammam-e Sangi and the poorest quality in Saghezji-Mardaneh. According to the index, ۲.۵% of the wells were of very good quality, ۳۰% were of good quality, ۳۲% of moderate quality, ۱۳.۵% of poor quality and ۲۲% were of inappropriate quality. Conclusions: According to the results, the most important quality problems included high levels of TDS, chlorine and sulfate and low pH values. Considering that these wells supply people’s drinking water in this region, consumers should be warned of their water quality, and purification procedures should also be carried out to allow the hygienic use of these valuable resources.کلیدواژه ها
Mineral waters, Qualitative zoning, GWQI, Ardabil, GIS.اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد COI
COI مخفف عبارت CIVILICA Object Identifier به معنی شناسه سیویلیکا برای اسناد است. COI کدی است که مطابق محل انتشار، به مقالات کنفرانسها و ژورنالهای داخل کشور به هنگام نمایه سازی بر روی پایگاه استنادی سیویلیکا اختصاص می یابد.
کد COI به مفهوم کد ملی اسناد نمایه شده در سیویلیکا است و کدی یکتا و ثابت است و به همین دلیل همواره قابلیت استناد و پیگیری دارد.