Fatemeh Sadat Shojaeddin - Bachelor’s student. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Modern Science and Technologies, TehranMedical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran
Seyede Fatemeh Darvish Hendi - Bachelor’s student. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Modern Science and Technologies, TehranMedical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran
Issa Layali - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran MedicalSciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Antibiotic resistance is defined as the ability of microorganisms to survive when exposed to antibioticsthat usually would kill them or prevent their growth. Some of the key factors contributing to antibioticresistance are misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals, use of antibiotics in animal and foodindustries, lack of rapid diagnosis procedures, and the presence of antibiotics in the environment.Patients with cancer are vulnerable to health care-acquired infections as a major source of antibioticresistant organisms. In some cases drug resistance is achieved by alteration in the signal transductionprocess that mediates drug activation. These illustrate the prevalence of MDR in different ESKAPEpathogens and highlight that prior antibiotic exposure and hospital-acquired infections are the major riskfactors for developing antibiotic resistance in patients with cancer. A drug’s efficacy is influenced by itsmolecular target and alterations of this target, such as mutations or modifications of expression levels.Optimizing the use of current antibiotics and discovery of novel antibiotics are critically important toprotect patients with cancer from antibiotic resistant infections in the future because antibiotic resistancethreatens to undo much of the hard-won progress against cancer.

Drug resistance-Antibiotic-Cancer-Infection