Phylogenetic analysis of amino acids in baculovirus enhancins

Baculoviridae is a family of insect viruses and is grouped into two main groups or genera: Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Granulovirus. The amino acid analysis in baculovirus enhancin is very important and applicable because the engineered recombinant is able to express the insect selective toxin as bioinsecticide and this recombinant virus elicited a response significantly faster than the common progenitor wild-type virus . All ۶۷ sequences obtained from GenBank have been aligned using MAFFT . To detect motifs, the multiple sequence alignment was edited using Mesquite program and was displayed using Weblogo ۳ and Multiple Sequence Alignment-Viewer. The conserved sequence was declared using Clustal program. There were two di↵erent parts where the variation of the second part was more than the first one related to their functions. The conserved HEXXH sequence was found. The signature pattern is adequate to group a protein into the metalloprotease superfamily. Most baculovirus enhancins have this conserved metalloprotease zinc-binding domain and in the metalloproteases, the glutamic acid residue within the HEXXH sequence is the catalytic base that polarizes a water molecule included in the nucleophilic attack of the peptide bond to be cleaved . To compare the sequences BLASTP was used and the phylogenetic tree based on the Maximum likelihood method using IQ-tree program was created. The validation of trees has been conducted using ultra bootstrap method implemented in IQ-tree program. According to the phylogenetic tree of Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Granulovirus enhancins, three main clades were showen. One group included Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus Viral Enhancing Factor۱ and Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus VEF۲ sequences. All Granuloviruses, with the exception of Agrotis segetum granuloviruses, contained Granulovirus Viral Enhancing Factor۱, Granulovirus Viral Enhancing Factor۲, Granulovirus Viral Enhancing Factor ۳ and Granulovirus Viral Enhancing Factor ۴ sequences. The last group comprised five subgroups including Nucleopolyhedrovirus Viral Enhancing Factor ۱, Nucleopolyhedrovirus Viral Enhancing Factor۲, Nucleopolyhedrovirus Viral Enhancing Factor۳, Mamestra brassicae multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus to Mamestra configurata nucleopolyhedrovirus-A and Mythimna unipuncta nucleopolyhedrovirus. The high level of heterogeneity exhibited by the baculovirus enhancins may propose that these genes appeared in viral genomes from independent sources.

کلیدواژه ها:

Amino acid ، Baculoviridae ، Motif ، Viral enhancing factor