Type ۱ Diabetes Mellitus Associated With Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders in Iranian Children: A Review

Context: Type one diabetes mellitus (T۱DM) is an autoimmune disorder that is yet the most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents. Several genetic risk factors have been associated with T۱DM, auto immune thyroiditis and other autoimmune disorder. Among autoimmune disorders, autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is the most frequent disorder associated with T۱DM. Its prevalence varies depending on age, sex and ethnic origin of the subjects and is considerably higher than the general population and increases with duration of T۱DM. The aim of this study was to review the prevalence of ATD in Iranian children with T۱DM compared with other countries. Evidence Acquisition: We conducted a review on all papers published on the association between autoimmune thyroiditis and T۱DM, which was available on Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran and Iran Medex databases up to June ۲۰۱۴. Both Persian and English articles were checked. The searched terms were: diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroiditis, prevalence, frequency, Iranian children and adolescents. All papers which were done on patients with age under ۲۰ years old and have used Anti-TPO and Anti-TG to evaluate patients were included. Results: Six papers met all the criteria. A total of ۷۳۶ participants were included in this review. After review of all the papers, the prevalence of Anti-TPO was reported between ۸% and ۳۰% and Anti-TG was reported ۶.۰۶% to ۲۳.۶% in diabetic children in Iran. Conclusions: Autoimmune thyroid disorders are the most prevalent immunological diseases in patients with type ۱ diabetes. All these studies have shown a higher prevalence of the disorder in patients with T۱DM compared to the Iranian healthy population. Anti-TPO reported between ۸% and ۳۰% and Anti-TG reported ۶.۰۶% to ۲۳.۶% in diabetic children in Iran that was similar to the studies in other countries.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes Mellitus ، Autoimmune Thyroiditis ، Prevalence ، Frequency ، Child ، Adolescent ، Iran