Bijan Pirnia - Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Parastoo Malekanmehr - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
Paria Sadeghi - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Kambiz Pirnia - Cardiology Fellowship, Technical Assistant in Bijan Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Tehran, Iran
Alireza Zahiroddin - Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Burn and wound care process for children is very painful and distressing. Hypnosis is used as a technique to reduce pain and anxiety caused by burns in adults. Acupuncture is also applied to reduce pain and improve psychological indices. However, the effectiveness of the two treatments in children has not been compared so far. In a single-case experimental design, from October ۲۰۱۵ to June ۲۰۱۶, an eight-year-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a severe left-hand burn was selected through the purposely sampling method and was treated in the form of a reverse A۱B۱A۲B۲ design in four time intervals, including sham, acupuncture, natural hypnosis, and clinical hypnosis, and was evaluated over a ۲۴-week period. Data were analyzed via generalized estimation equation (GEE) and Repeated Measures Correlation (rmcorr) SPSS version ۲۲. The primary outcomes showed that hypnosis had a significant effect on pain and anxiety (all P values < ۰.۰۵) and did not have any effect on the salivary cortisol level (P = ۰.۹۳). Additionally, acupuncture had a significant effect on reducing the pain, anxiety, and cortisol levels (all P values < ۰.۰۵). Secondary outcomes revealed a significant positive correlation between pain, anxiety, and cortisol (all P values < ۰.۰۱). The results of this study, consistent with the research background, indicated the effectiveness of each treatment on specific physical and psychological indices. These results can be considered in designing appropriate therapeutic programs although the explanation of the gap between the effectiveness of the two treatments requires further studies.

Hypnosis, Acupuncture, Burn, cancer, Pain