Mohsen Akbarpour Beni - Association professor, Department of Sports Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Fazlollah Fathollahi Shoorabeh - Expert Sports Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Mardanian - Expert Sports Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Zahra Samari Ebrahimzadeh - Expert Sports Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

Objective: Appetite regulation has a great impact on energy homeostasis. This study aimed to compare the response agouti-related protein (AGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) to a single high intensity interval training (HIIT) in obese and underweight men. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental research conducted on ۴۰ obese and underweight men who were divided into four groups including experimental groups (۱۰ obese, and ۱۰ underweight men) and control groups (۱۰ obese, and ۱۰ underweight controls). Both groups were evaluated by biochemical measurements in two stages of pre-test and post-test. HIIT was carried out to the experimental groups during one session. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and T-test using SPSS ۲۱ software. Results: NPY levels showed a significant difference in pre and post-test in both experimental groups, NPY increased ۶.۱۴% in obese men and ۲۵.۵۰% in underweight men, which was significant in both obese (P-value= ۰.۰۰۲) and underweight (P-value= ۰.۰۰۷) groups. In addition, AGRP levels increased ۱.۹۱% in obese men and ۶.۶۵% in underweight men, although this was not significant (P-value= ۰.۰۹۸). However, no significant differences were observed among groups in the levels of NPY and AGRP (P-value= ۰.۱۱۴). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that HIIT can increase the amount of AGRP and NPY in obese and underweight men. Therefore, appetite neuropeptides increase after a training session, which should be considered in the balance of energy and food intake after exercise.

Agouti dependent protein, Neuropeptide Y response, High intensity interval training, Obesity