Crocin’s effect on phenotype switching of J۷۷۴A.۱ macrophages depends on their polarization state during exposure
- سال انتشار: 1402
- محل انتشار: مجله علوم پایه پزشکی ایران، دوره: 26، شماره: 12
- کد COI اختصاصی: JR_IJBMS-26-12_007
- زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
- تعداد مشاهده: 215
نویسندگان
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده
Objective(s): Macrophages exhibit versatile phenotypes, with M۱ macrophages releasing inflammatory cytokines and possessing microbicidal activities, while M۲ macrophages release anti-inflammatory cytokines and contribute to tissue repair. The M۱/M۲ imbalance plays a significant role in various pathological processes. Crocin, known for its antioxidant properties and ability to eliminate free radicals, has been investigated for its potential anti-inflammatory effects. We examined the effect of the primary activation state of macrophages on their phenotype switching when exposed to crocin.Materials and Methods: The crocin impact on macrophage viability was evaluated by MTT. TNF-α, IL-۶, and IL-۱۰ secretion, as well as Nos۲/Arg۱ ratio, were measured in cells treated with crocin or LPS+IFN-γ (M۱ inducers), in cells concurrently treated with crocin and LPS+IFN-γ or in cells pretreated with crocin before M۱ induction.Results: Crocin did not show any toxicity at the concentration of ۵۰۰ µM or lower. When uncommitted macrophages were exposed to crocin (۲۵-۱۰۰ µM), it elevated certain M۱ activity indicators, including Nos۲/Arg۱ ratio and TNF-α secretion, but not IL-۶. Crocin in concurrent treatment with LPS+IFN-γ prevented the increase in M۱ indicators, Nos۲/Arg۱ ratio, and TNF-α secretion. However, pretreatment of cells with crocin before the addition of LPS+IFN-γ did not reverse M۱ induction in macrophages; instead, it further increased the Nos۲/Arg۱ ratio and TNF-α secretion. IL-۱۰ was not detectable in any of the experimental groups.Conclusion: It appears that the modulatory effects of crocin on macrophage M۱/M۲ phenotype switching partly depend on the presence or absence of inflammatory mediators and, accordingly, the initial state of macrophage commitment.کلیدواژه ها
Arg۱, Crocin, Inflammation, Macrophage, Nos۲, Saffronاطلاعات بیشتر در مورد COI
COI مخفف عبارت CIVILICA Object Identifier به معنی شناسه سیویلیکا برای اسناد است. COI کدی است که مطابق محل انتشار، به مقالات کنفرانسها و ژورنالهای داخل کشور به هنگام نمایه سازی بر روی پایگاه استنادی سیویلیکا اختصاص می یابد.
کد COI به مفهوم کد ملی اسناد نمایه شده در سیویلیکا است و کدی یکتا و ثابت است و به همین دلیل همواره قابلیت استناد و پیگیری دارد.