yoones ashrafi amin - Faculty member of Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
mostafa delshad tehrani - Retired Assistant Professor, Nahjul Balagha Department, University of Quran and Hadith, Tehran, Iran

An interaction is a reciprocal relation between two individuals or two groups. In his political practice, Imam Ali (a) engaged in constructive interactions with his opponents based on shared principles. In different circumstances, he always sought to find rational and accurate solutions through direct talks.  He always treated his opponents with patience and tolerance. Imam ʿAli never allowed his companions and associates to insult the enemy. He advocated for the unity of the Islamic nation and always underlined charitable and passionate advice. On some issues, he unveil the true face of the enemy by dispelling confusion and answering their accusations. He always aimed to guide his opponents towards the truth. However, when they refused to accept his arguments and insisted on fighting him, he reluctantly engaged in war.

Imam ʿAli, Nahj al-Balagha, interaction with opponents, Nākithūn, Qāsiṭūn, Māriqūn