Fariba Asheghi - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
Mohammadreza Rahimian - Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou - Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Navid Sarakhs Asbaghi - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Science, Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

K. pneumoniae consider a serious threat to human health as well as an important cause of bacterial infections, such as sepsis, pneumonia, UTI, meningitis, pyogenic liver abscess, and bacteremia. Strains of K. pneumoniae have been developing resistance to an increasing number of antibiotics over the past few decades. Simple illnesses like UTIs have turned resistant to treatment as a result of this antibiotic resistance, while more serious diseases like pneumonia and bacteremia have become more and more lethal. This study was conducted with the aim of obtaining the frequency of ESBL-positive strains among the strains isolated from hospitalized patients as well as their microbial resistance pattern and the frequency of carbapenemase genes, among ESBL-positive strains. ۵۰ K. pneumonia strains were collected in this study. Isolate identification was performed by biochemical and molecular methods. Antibiotic resistance pattern evaluated by disk diffusion method via ۱۰ different antibiotic disks. DDST test was performed in order to determining of ESBL-positive strains. ۴ distinct antibiotic resistance genes such as blaO×A-۲۳, blaO×A-۴۸, blaSHV, and blaNDM-۱ was uncovered by PCR technique. In this study, all strains were resistant to at least one of the antibiotic groups. ۱۸% of K. pneumoniae strains were determined as ESBL producers, in addition, ۳۳.۳۳% of ESBL positive strains were blaO×A-۴۸ carriers, as well as ۷۷.۷۷% blaO×A-۲۳, ۵۵.۵۵% blaNDM, and ۴۴.۴۴% blaSHV were determined in ESBL producing K. pneumoniae strains. In conclusion, this study identified ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae. However, large-scale research including the characterization of both community and nosocomial infections-related Klebsiella spp. strains from various regions of the country are required in order to offer information on the spread of these organisms in Iran.

k. pneumoniae, ESBL, AMR