A Ethnographic study of the contexts of hookah consumption amongteenagers in Shiraz

Background: Hookah consumption is one of the common forms of smoking, an old method, butcurrently it has been adopted by teenagers and young adults, both men and women. At the sametime, hookah consumption becomes a risky behavior, and especially when it is used for teenagers,it can create a platform and conditions for risky behaviors to occur. Therefore, hookahconsumption is a social issue and it needs to be studied and investigated with a sociologicalapproach. In this regard, the present research has investigated the background and process ofhookah consumption.Methods: The current research has investigated the background and process of hookahconsumption with qualitative method and using ethnography. After completing the preliminarystage and exploratory study, the researcher has followed the objectives of the research by being inthe research field and making full field observations and conducting in-depth interviews.Adolescents aged ۱۳-۱۸ living in Shiraz who use hookah in hangouts and public places of the citywere investigated and after collecting data and analyzing them, key categories were extracted.Results: Key categories related to the use of hookah by teenagers include friendship and collectivenature of hookah, suppliers as supporting actors, fruit hookah as a fundamental proposition, escapefrom problems-identification and leisure time, temporal and spatial of hookah, the typology ofusers, hookah as a means of recreation in the lower class, the prevalence of hookah, the contexts ofconsumption and companionship with the use of drugs, cigarettes, alcoholic beverages, and sexualrelations.Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that 'group authenticity' is a very central and keyconcept in the formation and continuation of hookah consumption among teenagers, and it isabsolutely necessary for researchers and Politicians to pay more attention to this concept.

کلیدواژه ها:

Tobacco ، Hookah ، Friendship ، Friendship Group.