Hamideh Hakimi - Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Hadi Ranjbar - Social Injury Prevention Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran. Iran

Background: The significant increase of smoking is one of the most prominent challenges in mostcountries. According to the statistics provided by WHO, eight to ten thousand adolescents beginsmoking daily. Adolescent stage is vital for emergence of dangerous behaviors as a result of beingself- oriented as well as not having the right perception of these dangerous behaviors. Socialtheories and behavioral sciences emphasize on the role of families on learning the right and wrongbehaviors. One of the parental factors affecting the offspring is the parenting styles. Parents havethe most effective interactions in forming children"s personalities. Most behavioral problems inchildren and adolescents reflect the complicated interactions among family members especiallyparents. Therefore, the present review study was accomplished to identify the effectiveness ofparenting styles on adolescents" smoking behavior.Methods: A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, googlescholar. All the cross-sectional studies reviewed by kay words: smoking, parenting styles,adolescents over the span of ۰۱/۰۱/۲۰۰۰ to ۱۰/۰۱/۲۰۲۲. The inclusion criteria were English andnon-English language studies. Also, the exclusion criteria were inaccessibility to full text.Results: From the ۵۵۳ relevant studies, ۱۹ studies had inclusion criteria that were analyzed. Theresults showed the adolescents" smoking is lower in parents who have authoritative style.Whereas, the adolescents smoking is observed more in authoritarian, negligent and uninvolvedstyles. In addition to, mother styles have more effectiveness on their sons" smoking in a way thatadolescents with democratic and authoritative mothers smoke less. Moreover, studiesdemonstrated that adolescents with supporting parents smoke less.Conclusion: Parents" monitoring along with emotional behaviors can contribute a preventive roleon adolescents" smoking. Implementation of restrictive behaviors and threatening reactions cannotprevent smoking.

Smoking, Parental Style, Adolescent