Effect of passive exposure to cigarette smoke on blood pressure in childrenand adolescents: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

Background: Hypertension is an emerging disease in children and adolescents resulting in futuremorbidities. Cigarette smoking is one of the most studied contributing factors in this regard;however, there are contradictory results among different studies. Therefore, the present metaanalysistends to assess the relationship between passive exposure to cigarette smoke and bloodpressure in children and adolescents.Method: Medline, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, and Web of Sciences were systematically reviewedfor observational studies up to May, ۲۰۱۷, in which the relationship between cigarette smokingand hypertension were assessed in children and adolescents. The meta-analysis was performedwith a fixed effect or random effects model according to the heterogeneity.Results: Twenty-nine studies were included in present meta-analysis incorporating ۱۹۲,۰۶۷children and adolescents. Active smoking (pooled OR = ۰.۹۲; ۹۵% CI: ۰.۷۹ to ۱.۰۵) or passiveexposure to cigarette smoke (pooled OR = ۱.۰۱; ۹۵% CI: ۰.۹۳ to ۱.۱۰) were not associated withdeveloping hypertension in the study population. Despite the fact that active cigarette smoking didnot significantly affect absolute level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, it was shown thatpassive exposure to cigarette smoke leads to a significant increase in absolute level of systolicblood pressure (pooled coefficient = ۰.۲۶; ۹۵% CI: ۰.۱۲ to ۰.۳۹).Conclusion: Both active and passive cigarette smoking were not associated with developinghypertension in children and adolescents. However, passive cigarette smoke was associated withhigher level of systolic blood pressure in children and adolescents.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hypertension ، Blood pressure ، Children and adolescent ، Smoking.