Dimas Sindhu Wibisono - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University – Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
Josephine Fiona Sucahyo - Medical School Program, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Faizah Fulyani - Division of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Mahayu Dewi Ariani - Division of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Eriawan Agung Nugroho - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University – Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
Nanda Daniswara - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University – Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia

Background and Objective: Infertility is a health problem that affects ۷۲.۴ million couples worldwide. Infertility can occur due to an unhealthy lifestyle, such as a smoking habit. A cigarette contains nicotine, a toxic compound that can trigger oxidative stress and eventually decrease fertility. Temulawak is a medicinal plant that is rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been used as a traditional remedy and is believed can improve fertility. We aim to study the effect of temulawak extract on the morphology, motility, and sperm counts of nicotine-induced mice. Materials and methods: A total of ۲۰ mice were divided into four groups (n = ۵); control normal (K۰), nicotine-induced (K۱), and nicotine-induced treated with two different concentrations of temulawak extract (۴ mg/۲۰ g body weight (P۱) and ۸ mg/۲۰ g body weight (P۲). The mice were given nicotine and temulawak for ۲۸ days and eventually were sacrificed by neck dislocation. Both testis and vas deferens were collected for sperm analysis. Results: Mice treated with nicotine (K۱) showed lower sperm counts (p=۰.۰۱۲) and motility (p<۰.۰۰۱) compare to mice in control normal (K۰), but not in morphology. Treatment with temulawak (۴ mg/۲۰ g body weight) on nicotine-induced mice (P۱) can significantly increase the sperm motility (p< ۰.۰۰۱). Giving a double dose of temulawak extract in the P۲ group resulted in significantly higher motility and sperm counts than group K۱. Conclusion: Temulawak treatment (۸ mg/۲۰ g body weight) on nicotine-induced mice can significantly improve motility and sperm counts

nicotine, temulawak, spermatozoa, infertility