Samira Katebi - B.S of Midwifery, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
Mehri Rezaie - MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery - Nursing, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran

Background: Preterm labor is the most common cause of neonate mortality thatidentifying the factors involved can be effective in reducing preterm labor. Therefore, the presentresearch studied the prevalence of preterm labor and effective risk factors, in women referring toOstad Motahari Hospital in Jahrom. Method: This research was a retrospective descriptive-crosssectional study. First, all deliveries of ۲۰۱۹ were reviewed for preterm and term birth and equal tothe number of preterm labor, term pregnancy as a control group was selected by systematic randomsampling from the file number. Data were collected according to the questionnaire. If the file wasnot completed, by the contact with mothers, the records were completed. Data were analyzed bySPSS ۱۸ software and descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The prevalence of pretermdelivery was ۹.۵%. The mean age in the preterm birth group was ۲۵.۸ ± ۴.۸ years and in the termdelivery group was ۲۸.۴۳ ± ۳.۲ years. In this study, there was a significant difference betweenpreterm delivery and term birth in terms of rupture of membrane (p = ۰.۰۰۱), multiple pregnancy(p = ۰.۰۰۵), preeclampsia (p = ۰.۰۰۴), the history of urinary tract infections during pregnancy (p= ۰.۰۰۱), vaginal bleeding during first trimester (p = ۰.۰۰۱), the history of surgery during the firsttrimester of pregnancy (p = ۰.۰۰۲) and also the history of smoking in the spouse (p = ۰.۰۱۵). Therewas no significant difference between maternal substance abuse between the two groups.Conclusion: According to previous studies and the results of this study, some factors are effectivein preterm birth. Identifying risk factors and involving pregnant mothers and raising theirawareness can reduce the rate of preterm birth

Preterm Delivery; Neonates; Childbirth