Molecular Pathways Mediating the Improvement in Diabetes Mellitus Following Caloric Restriction

سال انتشار: 1400
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 79

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

CSUMSMED07_004

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 20 دی 1401

چکیده مقاله:

Lifestyle modification is cornerstone of prevent and treatment of diabetes to augment medical therapy. Weight loss through caloric restriction is effective in improving glycemic control, though is difficult for patients to follow in practice, and remains critical to achieve optimal glucose homeostasis. Meanwhile, the global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is growing rapidly that has led to the introduction of many pharmacological agents for its treatment and to prevent diabetic complications. Although the exact underlying cause of DM is unclear yet, the role of obesity and a high body mass index (BMI) is associated with its increased prevalence and underlying etiology. Diet and lifestyle underpin optimal glycemic control with a lower food intake recommended to achieve "caloric restriction" (CR) to address obesity. CR was prescribed by ancient physicians as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DM. Recent studies have shown that CR reduces blood glucose through several molecular pathways that modulates insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. They have demonstrated that CR is able to improve glucose homeostasis via fat burning (reducing the adipose tissues), improvement in redox state and prevent of oxidative damages, to reduction the circulatory insulin level, improvement in beta cells’ function, improving the insulin signal transduction and modifying the autonomous nervous system activity. Also, some less-defined pathways such as inflammatory responses may be involved. The impact of CR is on the improvement in insulin sensitivity and reduction in insulin resistance leading to an improvement in glycemic control. However the risk of trace and vital elements’ shortage should be considered carefully.

نویسندگان

Habib Yaribeygi

Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran