Hassan Dana Mazraeh - School of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Damghan University, P.O.Box ۳۶۷۱۵-۳۶۴, Damghan, Iran.
Maryam Kalantari - Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Damghan University, Iran.
Seyed Hashem Tabasi - school of mathematics and computer science, Damghan university
Alireza Afzal Aghaei - Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Damghan University, Iran.
Zahra Kalantari - Department of Computer Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C. Tehran, Iran.
Farhad Fahimi - Department of Computer Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

In this paper, we propose an improved cuckoo optimization algorithm (ICOA) to determine unknown function u(x) in the Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. To show utility and capability of the ICOA, we solve some Fredholm integral equations of the second kind using the ICOA and Adomian decomposition method and compare results each other. Also, by using the parallelization technique the running time of the algorithm was reduced significantly. Results obtained by implementing the ICOA on a computer with ۲.۲ GHz CPU and ۱۴Gb RAM.

Improved cuckoo optimization algorithm, Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, Integral equations, Adomian decomposition method