Zahra Hemati - Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
Mahdi Hesamian - DVM, Student of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Nasim Okhovat - DVM, Student of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
ShoorVir Singh - Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Ajhai (Pin ۲۸۱۴۰۶), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Kundan Kumar Chaubey - Division of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Arcadia Grant, P.O. Chandanwari, Premnagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-۲۴۸۰۰۷, India

Background and Aim : John’s disease (JD) is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease ofdomestic live stocks caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). It hasthe potential to be a great pathogen. JD has a global distribution and causes severe economic lossesto the meat, wool, and milk industry. Better diagnostic tests would be needed in these programs.IS۹۰۰ PCR has shown high sensitivity and has been frequently used as a detection test. The presentstudy aimed to estimate the bio-incidence of MAP in the raw goat milk samples using IS۹۰۰-PCR.Methods : A total of ۴۲ raw milk samples were collected from individual goats from farmers'herds in different parts of northern India. Raw milk samples were screened to estimate the bioincidenceof MAP using whole milk as a test sample by IS۹۰۰ PCR. Whole milk DNA was isolatedusing the phenol-chloroform extraction method.Results : Of the ۴۲ raw milk samples collected from individual animals, ۹ (۲۱.۴%) were positivefor the presence of MAP using IS۹۰۰ PCR.Conclusion : Consumption of raw milk continues to be considered one of the main potential routesof human exposure to MAP and a high biological charge of MAP in raw milk could lead tocontaminated dairy products. Consequently, the use of multiple diagnostic tests was recommendedto estimate the prevalence of MAP in animals for JD control programs.

John’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, IS۹۰۰ PCR, RawMilk.