Sadegh Mazji - Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Arastoo Vojdani - Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Behnaz Hatamluyi - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Seyed AbdolRahim Rezaee - Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Ehsan Aryan - Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Zahra Meshkat - Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Background and Aim : Herpes Simplex Type ۱ (HSV-۱) is a human virus with a high prevalencerate on a global scale, affecting around ۳.۷ billion people under ۵۰ years of age. This virus is ableto cause a great variety of latent, acute, and chronic conditions such as oral, genital, and neonatalherpes. In order to control its spread, regular screening and development of novel detectionmethods that have high sensitivity and specificity, yet are affordable, seems to be of utmostnecessity. The aim of this study was to construct and evaluate electrochemical-based biosensorsto identify the gpB gene of HSV-۱ virus.Methods : First, in order to increase the sensitivity, graphene oxide nanocomposite, polypyrrole,and sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate were used on the surface of glass carbon electrode. The HSV-۱ virus single-stranded DNA probe was then fixed on the surface of the modified electrode.Subsequently, hybridization between probe DNA and target DNA was reduced by the interactionof hydrophobic π-π bonds between graphene oxide bonds, and single-stranded DNA sequenceswere studied by differential pulse voltammetry. The microscopic properties of the glass electrodemodified by Fourier scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), AFM and X-ray Analysis (EDXA)were reviewed to confirm the performance of the electrode on the DNA of the probe and afterhybridization with the target DNA. Also, the specificity of the proposed biosensor was determinedby a positive cell culture sample of HSV-۱, a positive sample of HTLV-۱ (non-complementarysample), a mixed sample (HSV-۱ + and HSV-۱ -), and a negative sample that were compared withPCR resultsResults : Diagnostic range of the biosensor was between ۵۰۰ × ۱۰-۱۵ to ۱۵۰ × ۱۰-۱۲ Mol/L witha minimum detection limit of ۳۵۰ fM. The performance of this biosensor was evaluated bystudying cell culture samples and PCR results. We found that the results obtained from cell culturesamples were in accordance with laboratory results.Conclusion : The results showed that the designed biosensor had an acceptable performance, andits detection sensitivity and selectivity for HSV-۱ virus were satisfactory. The results show thepossibility of developing a new portable system for the detection of herpes simplex virus type ۱.

Nanocomposite, Glass carbon electrode, DNA electrochemical biosensor, Herpessimplex virus type ۱, HSV-۱