Prevalence of COVID-۱۹ Vaccination Hesitancy and its Associated Factors based on the Health Belief Model among Iranian People in ۲۰۲۱

Aims: COVID-۱۹ Vaccination Hesitancy is a public health concern in the world. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of vaccination hesitancy and its relevant factors using the health belief model among people in northeast Iran in ۲۰۲۱. Materials & Methods: The present cross-sectional study examined ۶۲۶ people using convenience sampling. Data were collected through an online survey using a questionnaire based on the health belief model at intervals of ۱۰ September ۲۰۲۱ and ۱۵ October ۲۰۲۱. Data was analyzed by using SPSS ۱۶. Findings: Overall, ۷۰.۶% of the samples reported that they would use the vaccine for free after it becomes available. Health belief model constructs predicted ۴۰% of the variance of vaccination behavioral intention. The results indicated that the perceived barriers were significantly related to using the vaccine, thereby reducing the probability of using the vaccine by ۱۰% (Relative Risk Ratio (RRR)= ۰.۹۰, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۲-۰.۹۹). Perceived benefits (RRR=۱.۲۱, ۹۵% CI: ۱.۱۱-۱.۳۲), perceived susceptibility (RRR=۱.۵۴, ۹۵% Cl: ۱.۲۳-۱.۹۲), and behavioral intention (RRR=۳.۰۶, ۹۵% CI: ۲.۲۳-۴.۲۰) had a significant relationship with the probability of using the vaccine. Conclusion: About one-third of the participants had COVID-۱۹ vaccination hesitancy. Interventions are necessary to increase compliance with vaccination, especially among people with low education levels. The health belief model (HBM) constructs have a high power of predicting hesitancy and acceptance of COVID-۱۹ vaccination and can be used in intervention programs.  

کلیدواژه ها:

COVID-۱۹ ، Vaccination ، Vaccination Hesitancy ، Health Belief Model (HBM)