The relationship between bariatric surgery and suicide.

Introduction: Nowadays, over ۶۵۰ million adults are obese worldwide and it accounts for ۱۳% of the global population. Regarding its dangerous complications such as cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, and diabetes, diverse methods have been applied to help patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery is the most efficient identified method for patients with severe obesity. Despite its effectiveness, some previous studies mentioned a high rate of suicidal ideation, self-harm, and suicide before and after this surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between bariatric surgery and suicide.Search method: The authors conducted a narrative review, beginning with a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar in the recent decade. We used the following keywords to find relevant articles: Bariatric surgery, Sleeve gastrectomy, roux-en y bypass gastrectomy, Depression, Complete suicide, Suicide attempt, and Obesity.Result: Regarding the potential effects of surgery on patients, investigators recommend assessing patients undergoing bariatric surgery in short (less than one year), medium (one to three years), and long (more than three years) terms. Those who compared its effect on the suicide rate in the abovementioned periods showed a higher rate of suicide in the long-term than the two others. They also declared that patients with destructive habits and a history of psychological disorders committed suicide more. Hypoglycemia, pharmacokinetic change in absorption of drugs such as antidepressants, lack of improvement in quality of life after surgery, inadequate weight loss or weight regain, and emotional eating as well as body dissatisfaction were noted as risk factors for higher suicide rate.Conclusion: Based on the results, it seems that considering pre and post-operational mental health of patients undergoing bariatric surgery in addition to their physical health is essential. Clinicians can recommend a long-term follow-up of these patients to have a healthy lifestyle as a protective factor against suicide.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bariatric surgery ، Suicide ، Depression ، Obesity