On the nature of heavy metals in particulate matter (PM۱۰, PM۲.۵) and their health impact assessment for a desert city in Iran: Birjand

Introduction: Air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for health. The aim of this study was to On the nature of heavy metals in particulate matter (PM۱۰, PM۲.۵) and their health impact assessment for a desert city in Iran: Birjand.Materials and Methods: In this study, the concentrations of (PM۱۰ and PM۲.۵) was measured from September ۲۰۱۹ to March ۲۰۲۰. Measurements were performed once every six days for ۲۴ hours with the high volume samplers and The health effects attributed to suspended particles were estimated using the Air Q software ۲.۲.۳. This article is the result of a part of the master's thesis with the code of IR. BUMS. REC. ۱۳۹۸. ۲۱۶ have been provided by Birjand University of Medical Sciences.Results: Mean and standard deviation of PM۱۰, PM۲.۵ concentrations were ۹۷.۵ ± ۳۸.۷ μg/m۳and ۳۶.۳ ± ۱۹.۱ μg/m۳, respectively. In addition, the mean concentrations of metals of PM۲.۵ have been in the order of Na> Co> Cd> Ce> Rb>V and the concentration of metals of PM۱۰ were in the order of Cd> As> Ce> Rb> V. The results showed that the relationship of PM۲.۵ with B metal (p-value<۰.۰۵) is significant so that B metal levels are reduced with increasing PM۲.۵ level. also there is a strong relationship between heavy metals however, according to the Pearson correlation test, this relationship is weaker between some metals, for example, there is a weaker relationship between chromium and barium, boron and zinc. The lowest and highest number of deaths attributed to PM۲.۵ per ۱۰۰,۰۰۰ populations were related to death due to ischemic heart disease (۱.۱۵) and death due to chronic respiratory disease (۳۶.۶۹).Conclusion: The results of this study showed, that air pollution based on particles has a health effect in terms of heavy metals and it is necessary to determine the health effects of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols with further studies of this particle property. Monitoring of elemental composition in atmospheric particles can contribute to better air quality management.

کلیدواژه ها:

Particulate matter ، Metals ، Air pollution