Nazanin Ghaderi Nejad - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Fojan saboori - Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Zanjan Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
Nader Mansour Samaei - Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies and Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatotology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Dor Mohammad Kordi-Tamandani - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

The main purpose of this study was to work out the relationship between different polymorphisms of PAI (Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor type ۱) ۴G/۵G and XIII Val۳۴Leu genes in women with first-semester recurrent miscarriage (RM) syndrome. Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is an obstetric challenge. Polymorphisms of factor XIII (FXIII)and plasminogen activator inhibitor-۱ (PAI-۱) may cause an imbalance between coagulation and fibrinolysis that can end in RM.  This case-control study enclosed ۴۸ women with at least two or three abortions and ۵۰ women with at least one pregnancy as a control.  DNA molecule was extracted from peripheral blood samples by the phenol-chloroform methodology. Different variants of the two genes were amplified by Amplification Refractory Mutation System - Polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method. Finally, we analyzed allele frequencies and genotypes, Odd Ratios, Chi-square, Fisher's and Students T-test for the data. During this study, it has been found that ۵۰% of the case population have the normal genotype for the PAI-۱ (rs۱۷۹۹۷۶۲) gene, ۳۱.۲۵% had a heterozygous genotype and ۱۸.۷۵% had a mutant homozygote. The frequency of the mutated allele in the patient population compared to the controls have p-values <۰.۰۰۱ and it is statistically significant for this allele (OR = ۰.۰۶۸, p-values <۰.۰۰۱, CI = ۰.۰۱۴-۰.۳۲۲). In contrast, no significant results were observed for the factor XIII (rs۵۹۸۵) gene and this variant was considered in this population as an ineffective polymorphism on recurrent miscarriage syndrome (p-values = ۰.۲۳۸). Finally, it is suggested that other variants of the given gene should be examined in Golestan.

PAI-۱ ۴G/۵G, FXIIIa Val۳۴Leu, Thrombophilia, Recurrent miscarriage, ARMS PCR