Musculoskeletal modeling for estimating Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and Knee forces in jumping by the use of Opensim

Introduction: This study helps determine the cause of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. ACL injuries are often caused by young amateur and professional athletes during non-contact activities in sports such as basketball. This musculoskeletal study examined the factors associated with ACL injury in the knee and internal and external torque loads, knee forces, and internal forces. Methods: Motion data were collected from four young female athletes and electromyography data from quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius muscles. This modeling was done in Opensim V۴.۲ and the data were checked by modeling and estimation methods in the software, then by numerical and statistical methods. Results: Knee asymmetry was observed for knee angles (p < ۰.۰۰۱), torques, and muscle activations (p < ۰.۰۰۱), all of which can be detrimental to ACL stability during impact activity. In the jump phase, the impact created between the healthy and injured foot is similar, but in the landing phase, the healthy foot is exposed to more impact. Therefore, it is suggested that people with anterior cruciate ligament rupture should avoid jumping activities with high repetition because increasing the impact on a healthy foot can expose it to overload and the risk of injury. Conclusion: The height of the jumps above the stop was not considered because ethical considerations required that people be kept to a minimum risk of injury during the test. Both the bending angle and the valgus angle measured during this study are similar to the findings of other studies. A significant increase in the external torque of the knee valgus was associated with an increase in height and an increase in ACL (p < ۰.۰۰۱). It can also be concluded that the external torque of the valgus of the knee increases the internal force, increases the internal force and strain of the ACL.

کلیدواژه ها:

ACL ، Musculoskeletal ، Sport Injury ، Modeling ، Opensim