Nasir Arefinia - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Zohreh-al-Sadat Ghoreshi - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Amir Hossein Alipour - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Hamid Reza Molaei - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Mohammad Samie - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Jamal Sarvari - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲, has recently become the number one problem affecting global health. Coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹ is principally recognized by its respiratory manifestations; however, recent studies have shown an increasing number of patients with gastrointestinal complaints like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲ infects the gastrointestinal tract via the angiotensin-converting enzyme II receptor, expressed on the ileum and colon enterocytes. Usually, gastrointestinal symptoms manifest later than respiratory symptoms. Concern for fecal-oral transmission has been raised following the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲ RNA in fecal samples for prolonged periods, even after respiratory clearance. In this review, we summarize the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲ on the gastrointestinal system.

COVID-۱۹, fecal-oral transmission, gastrointestinal system, liver, SARS-CoV-۲, کووید-۱۹, ویروس کرونا سارس ۲, دستگاه گوارش, انقال مدفوعی – دهانی و کبد