Rehabilitation is an important part of health care and is essential to achieving global health coverage. Rehabilitation needs are increasing with the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases and the elderly population. National efforts should strengthen health systems to provide rehabilitation and make it accessible to all levels of health care. Given that traditional care systems are not able to respond to these cases. This has led to the search for new ways to organize health services. Advocates of telemedicine and telemedicine recognize the use of communication and information technologies as a way to increase access to and continuity of care for vulnerable populations such as people with disabilities. In addition, telemedicine leads to maximum efficiency in the provision of health services in health care systems by providing fair, cost-effective and safe services for patients and health care providers.
Telerehabilitation is an innovative strategy to improve the cost-effectiveness and quality of health care. However, there seems to be a gap between the anticipated benefits and the clinical reality. Therefore, the purpose of this study is a systematic review to identify the factors of success and failure of remote rehabilitation. A systematic review, without time limit, was explored by searching for keywords (("Barrier" OR "obstacles" OR "challenges" OR "Failure" OR "Success" OR "Advantage" OR "Benefit") AND ("Telerehabilitation" OR "Tele-rehabilitation" OR "Remote Rehabilitation" OR "Virtual Rehabilitation")) in the title, abstract and study keywords in the authoritative scientific databases Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed on November ۲۴, ۲۰۲۱. The studies, which were based on the title and content of a possible answer to the question, were reviewed by two researchers independently. Titles and abstracts were screened independently based on eligibility criteria. Complete texts were then retrieved and screened independently based on eligibility criteria. A total of ۲۲۳۸ related studies were extracted and finally ۱۲ main articles were selected based on inclusion, exclusion and quality evaluation criteria. In general, the success and
failure factors of
Telerehabilitation include three categories of human, organizational and technical factors. Human factors include people's culture, level of knowledge and awareness, satisfaction, lack of skills, negative attitude, resistance to change, concerns about privacy and data security issues, level of participation and acceptance of individuals. Organization factors include lack of rules and regulations, lack of organizational support, reimbursement and financial support issues, lack of infrastructure, guidelines and frameworks, technical support, lack of training for care providers, and lack of valid data and evidence. Technical factors include bandwidth problems, Internet and electricity dependency, quality equipment, security infrastructure, connection problems, and hardware and software issues.In this systematic review, the most common failure and
success factors of
Telerehabilitation systems were identified and the results of systematic review show that today human and organization factors play a more fundamental and important role than technical factors in the success and failure of telerehabilitation systems. Therefore, it is necessary for policy makers and managers in this field to pay attention to these issues before implementing these systems and provide a safe Infrastructure for the implementation of these systems