Prevalence of Cryptococcaemia in HIV Infected Patients with CD۴ Counts of ≤۱۰۰ Cells/mm۳-A Cross Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

  • سال انتشار: 1400
  • محل انتشار: فصلنامه عفونت، اپیدمیولوژی و پزشکی، دوره: 8، شماره: 1
  • کد COI اختصاصی: JR_IEM-8-1_007
  • زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
  • تعداد مشاهده: 143
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نویسندگان

Pavneet Kaur

Department of Microbiology, SGRD institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India

Japsimran Kaur

Department of Microbiology, SGRD institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India.

چکیده

Backgrounds: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cryptococcaemia in HIV infected patients with CD۴ counts of ≤۱۰۰ cells/mm۳ in a tertiary care hospital. Materials & Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted at the Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Health Sciences and Research, India, as a tertiary care hospital. All HIV infected patients with CD۴ counts of ≤۱۰۰ cells/mm۳, referring to the hospital during May ۲۰۲۰ to May ۲۰۲۱ were enrolled in this study. Blood samples taken from patients were processed for wet mounting, negative staining with India ink, gram staining, fungal culture, and cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) lateral flow assay (LFA). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software Version ۲۰.۰ (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA) by employing Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests to compare categorical variables. Findings: Out of ۱۰۰ patients enrolled, ۲۸ (۲۸%) cases had CD۴ counts below ۵۰, while ۷۲ (۸۴.۷%) patients had CD۴ counts in the range of ۵۱-۱۰۰. Also, ۵۵ patients (۵۵%) received antiretroviral therapy (ART), and ۴۵ (۴۵%) cases were ART naï􀇅ve. About ۵۶% of patients had no opportunistic infections, and ۳۷% had pulmonary tuberculosis. Three samples were positive in LFA, showing a prevalence of ۳%, while only one of the culture samples was positive for Cryptococcus species. However, low CD۴ count was found to be strongly correlated with positive serum cryptococcal antigenemia. Conclusion: The present study reveals that cryptococcal antigenemia is a health problem, and that cryptococcal antigen screening and treatment policy recommended by WHO should be performed routinely for HIV patients registered in ART centres in the current setting, especially for those who are ART naï􀇅ve and have CD۴ counts of ≤۱۰۰ cells/mm۳.

کلیدواژه ها

HIV, Lateral flow assay, Crytococcaemia, India.

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