Moslem Bahadori - Department of Pathology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Hossein ; Azizi - Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran, Tehran, Iran
Shahriar Dabiri - Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem cells Research Center, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Neda Bahadori - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

The nucleolus is a subcellular membraneless structure of eukaryotic cells. In ۱۹۶۵, in a world’s southern summer summit in Uruguay, the role of the nucleolus as the site of ribosome synthesis, biogenesis, and processing of tRNA was conclusively established. Today, accumulating evidence confirm the multiple functions of the nucleolus, including tRNA precursor processing, cell stress sensing, as well as being influential in gene silencing, senescence, lifespan, DNA damage response (DDR), and cell cycle regulation. Therefore, nucleolopathy is observed in various human diseases. Modern advances have provided fundamental insights concerning how and why the nucleolus is targeted by different pathogenic organisms. Viruses are major organisms that disrupt the normal function of the nucleus and produce nucleoli proteins for facilitating the replication of viruses causing viral infections. In this review, we focus on the possible role of nucleoli upon coronavirus infections, in particular coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹.

Endotheliopathy, Nucleolus, Nucleolopathy, viral infection