Nanomaterial augmented formulation of disinfectants and antiseptics in controlling SARS CoV-۲

سال انتشار: 1400
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 134

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

MEDISM22_283

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 8 مهر 1400

چکیده مقاله:

Background and Aim : The worldwide COVID-۱۹ pandemic has brought significant consideration toward innovative strategies for overcoming the viral spread. Since the long-term usage of disinfectants and antiseptics at high concentrations has deleterious impacts on well-being and the environment, the use of nanomaterials (NMs) provides an exciting possibility to promote new antiviral treatments with a low possibility of increasing drug resistance in contrast with typical chemical-based antiviral treatments. Depending on the dimension, form, and surface charge, NMs can possess various formations and antiviral characteristics. The primary NMs reported for their inactivation effect on respiratory viruses can be subdivided into Polymeric, Self-assembling proteins, Inorganic (Copper, Silver, Zinc, and TiO۲), and peptide-based NMs. The Mechanism of action of NMs outside the host cell includes inhibiting the viral entry inside the cell, solvation of the lipid bilayer envelope of it, and production of ROS. Mechanisms of action inside of the cell are polyprotein processing, transcription of the viral genome, translation of the viral protein, and the most common mechanisms are activation of transcription agents through receptor signaling as a response of viral RNA, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-۱B), and activation of the Th۲ route, which leads to the production of neutralizing antibodies (IL-۴, IL-۵, and IL-۱۳), or Th۱ route, leading to the production of opsonizing antibodies (IgE, C۴b, C۳b, and IgG).Methods : -Results : Although NMs have molecular targets and remarkable antiviral activity to inactivate several viral pathogens, these compounds have toxic effects on social health and the ecosystem due to the accumulation of their wastes in the environment and the inability to eliminate or detoxify them from the ecological cycles. Also, according to toxicological studies of NMs so far, the entry of NMs through inhalation, ingestion, and skin is of utmost importance, respectively. As a result, before any toxicological trial, a comprehensive characterization of the contents of the nano-based antiseptics/disinfectants is essential. Conclusion : In this report, the latest advancement in studying NMs and disinfectants are discussed from three perspectives: positive impacts, toxicity, and their mechanisms of action. As a result, the prevalent commercialization and usage of NM-based disinfectants during this pandemic can have long-lasting detrimental effects on human health and other animals, environmental microorganisms, and plants in the ecosystem.

نویسندگان

Niloofar Jamshidinia

Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, ۱۴۱۵۵-۶۴۵۵, Tehran, Iran

Fatemeh Mohammadipanah

Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran