Zeinab Agharezaei - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced science and Technology, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
setareh haghighat - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced science and Technology, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Hossein Yazdi - Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Background and Aim : Synthetic and biogenic nanoparticles have shown the lowest deleterious effect in comparison to ‎other common medications. The anti-tumor properties of Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were ‎reported in several types of research. In the present research, the effect of synthetic and biogenic ‎selenium nanoparticles on macrophage responses was assessed and compared to BCG as a ‎common treatment Methods : The biogenesis of selenium nanoparticles were performed synthetically by ascorbic acid and ‎biogenically by intravesical M. Bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin. Macrophages were cultured and ‎treated with synthetic and biogenic SeNPs, which each of them combined with bladder tumor ‎lysate and BCG. The other experimental groups include SeNPs + tumor lysate + MQs, BCG, ‎BCG+MQs, and MQs. The mRNA levels of IL-۲۷, IFN-γ, IL-۱۲, TNF-α, IL-۱۰, and MHC-I ‎were determined using the real-time PCR method.‎Results : The gene expression of IL-۲۷, IFN-γ, IL-۱۲, TNF-α, MHC-I were drastically upregulated in the ‎combination treatment of selenium nanoparticles (synthetic or biogenic) with the tumor lysate ‎and macrophages compared to the BCG control group. As such, the expression of IL-۱۰ did not ‎show remarkable differences in all experimental groups among each other. The maximum effect ‎of synthetic and biogenic selenium nanoparticles was observed after ۲۴h treatment. ‎Conclusion : Synthetic selenium nanoparticles showed better activity than Biogenic nanoparticles, and both of ‎them had treatment-dependent-function.‎

Synthetic selenium nanoparticles; biogenic selenium nanoparticles; BCG therapy; bladder tumor ‎lysate; Macrophage response