Brain Tumor Immunotherapy by Oncolytic Zika Virus: A Systematic Review
محل انتشار: بیست دومین کنگره میکروب شناسی ایران (مجازی)
سال انتشار: 1400
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 125
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
MEDISM22_206
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 8 مهر 1400
چکیده مقاله:
Background and Aim : Zika is an old and neurotropic mosquito-borne pathogen causing serious brain disorders in newborns and adults and recently being considered by experts in the field of cancer therapy as an emerging immunotherapeutic candidate against intracranial tumors especially Glioblastoma, an aggressive in type and fast in growing brain tumor. In this study, we systematically reviewed the scientific literature to find out whether Zika can be a promising candidate for the treatment of brain tumors.Methods : Three electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched with the title/abstract filter at a given time interval from January ۲۰۲۰ to July ۲۰۲۱. Using the Prisma checklist, ۱۰ full-text articles were finally selected for review.Results : Targeting treatment-resistant brain tumors by Zika as an oncolytic virus reducing the rate of tumor proliferation and survival in a bed of recruited and activated immune cells. Zika directly infects abnormal but not normal brain cells and leaves no serious clinical side effects in treated models. By modulating the tumor micro-environment, Zika as an immunogenic virus induces a broad and successful anti-tumor immunity in favor of tumor regression and clearance. this induction may result in an increase the count of immune cells and the levels of anti-viral antibodies. Moreover, the virus activates differentiated monocytes and recruits functional leukocytes into the bed of tumors resulting in tumor lysis/clearance by activation of cell-mediated immunity in particular cytotoxic immunity. This type of immunity was found to be greater in induction than the immunity induced by the tumor itself. Additionally, Zika reduces the rate of brain tumor-related deaths by generating durable cytotoxic cell memory aim to overcome tumor remission. These all may support Zika candidacy for virus-based tumor immunotherapy for solid tumors like Glioblastoma.Conclusion : Consequently, using Zika as a powerful oncolytic virus to activate the immune system may serve as a competent platform to fight brain tumors in future. However, being at pre-clinical phase, the efficacy and safety of using such a candidate to treat human brain malignancies is still unclear and needs more time and studies to be well tested and clarified.
کلیدواژه ها:
نویسندگان
Hassan Karami
Virology Department. School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
Somayeh Yaghoobizad
Virology Department. School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran