A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSIAN/ENGLISH METAPHORS IN SHAHRZAD & FRIENDS SERIES: CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR THEORY APPLIED

This study compared the use of different conceptual metaphors in ۲ series in English and Persian: Friends and Shahrzad. Friends had ten seasons and was directed, written, and produced by native English speakers. Producers were David Crane and Marta Kauffman in ۱۹۹۴-۲۰۰۴; Jennifer Aniston and Courtney Cox were the main actors. The general theme of the story was comedy. Shahrzad was directed by Hasan Fathi in ۲۰۱۶-۲۰۱۷. Shahab Hosseini and Taraneh Alidousti were the leading actors. Shahrzad was directed and written by native Persian speakers. To discover the hidden various metaphors, roughly ۱۰% of ۱۰-۲۰ min of ۵ episodes in each season were scrutinized entirely. We resorted to the framework by Lakoff and Johnson (۱۹۸۰), and some metaphors emerged from their examples. Moreover, we created some new conceptual metaphors. Next, the existing metaphors were categorized under proper categories. The frequency of different kinds of metaphors, including conceptual, orientational, conduit, and personification, was counted and tabulated. Chi-square was used to see whether there were significant differences among these four metaphors in each series. Chi-square results manifested substantial differences among the four metaphors in Friends and Shahrzad. There were substantial differences among the four metaphors in each series. Overall, ۱۵۸ conceptual metaphors were found in Shahrzad and ۱۵۵ in Friends. In sum, ۵۱ universal conceptual metaphors emerged out of these metaphors. Conceptual metaphors were the most frequent type, and orientational metaphors were the least regular type of metaphor. We concentrated on visual metaphors, which were the visual representations of different kinds of metaphors.

کلیدواژه ها:

classical/contemporary views of metaphor ، metaphorical competence ، metaphorical language ، source/target domains ، Shahrzad and Friends series