Review and Comparison of Challenges, Conflicts, and Innovation on the Start-up Qualification of Independent Business(Case study on physical education students of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch)

Background:   Entrepreneurship is the driving force behind economic and social change. Entrepreneurs are the cornerstone of the economic system in the country. Methods:  This applied research employed a causal-comparative research method. The statistical population included the undergraduate, postgraduate, and Ph.D. students of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch, (N=۵۱۷). Based on Morgan's table, ۲۵۰ students were selected randomly and were given the prepared questionnaires. The Dorabji et al. (۱۹۹۸) Innovation Climate Questionnaire and Anderson & Dunkelberg's (۱۹۹۰) Independent Business Start-up Competency Questionnaire were used for data collection. Content and face validity were confirmed by six sports management experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to be (α=۰.۸۴) for the Innovation Climate Questionnaire and (α=۰.۸۷) for Independent Business Start-up Qualification. In this study, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the data. Findings:    The results of the study showed the impact of the challenge on the qualification of start-up independent business. In addition, the factors of innovation and conflict in the classrooms were found to have a positive effect on the qualification of independent business start-ups.

کلیدواژه ها:

Entrepreneurship ، Startup business ، innovations ، independent businesses