Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis: A cross-sectional study

Background and Aim : Introduction: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as bacterial infection of a previously sterile ascitic fluid with unknown source of infection. The current study aims to assess the microorganism distribution and their antibiotic resistance profile causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis among patients with ascites hospitalized in a tertiary referral hospital, southern Iran from January ۲۰۱۹ to January ۲۰۲۰.Methods : This cross-sectional study included ۱۲۶۱ patients with ascites that sample for gram stain and culture from their ascitic fluid were gathered. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version ۲۴ and descriptive statistics were conducted.Results : : Among study participants with ascites, ۱۵۴ patients (۱۲.۲%) were diagnosed with SBP( Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis). The most common pathogen found in the ascitic fluid culture in these patients was Escherichia coli (۲۹.۲%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (۲۶%). E. coli organisms isolated in this study showed high rate of resistance to most of cephalosporin family antibiotic; while they were sensitive to gentamycin, carbapenems and vancomycin. Similarly, isolated Staphylococcus epidermidis organisms were sensitive to gentamycin and carbapenems.Conclusion : To the high morbidity and mortality rate of SBP( Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis), early detection and prompt administration of appropriate empirical antibacterial regimen are highly crucial. A series of investigations as well as our study suggest that pathogenic resistance to the conventional antibiotics has been increased; therefore, changes in conventional prophylaxis and treatment strategies should be done. Such studies are demanded to be aware of antibiotic resistance pattern to prevent infections from spreading.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ascites / complications* ، Peritonitis / diagnosis* ، Ascitic Fluid / microbiology