SARS-CoV-۲ (COVID-۱۹): The new pandemic and the challenges ahead

Background and Aim : Emerging of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲ (SARS-CoV-۲ / Covid-۱۹) has caused widespread worldwide outbreaks and a major public health problem. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the origin, symptoms, transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of the virus.Methods : Search the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google scholar search engine with keywords ۲۰۱۹-nCoV, COVID-۱۹, SARS-CoV-۲, and Novel coronavirus, and search the results were evaluated.Results : Studies have shown that the virus may has originated from the bat. It has also been shown that the virus receptor is ACE۲ which is also the SARS virus receptor and is expressed in most tissues. The most common way of virus transmission is through respiratory droplets and close contact. It is also transmitted by asymptomatic patients, but vertical transmission from mother to fetus has not been confirmed. Since it is the gold standard for RT-PCR detection, but a chest CT is more sensitive to detect positive cases.Conclusion : Since no effective vaccine or drug for prevention and treatment of this disease has not yet been identified and also because of the high incubation period, the relatively long infection period, easy transmission and the lack of complete recognition of the characteristics and stability in different environments, the best way to control is to prevent the spread of the infection in different ways and take seriously personal and public hygiene.

کلیدواژه ها:

Coronavirus ، ۲۰۱۹-nCoV ، COVID-۱۹ ، SARS-CoV-۲ ، Novel coronavirus ، Emerging viruses ، pathogenesis