Optimal Sizing of Photovoltaic and Thermal Units by Sine Cosine Algorithm

Because of zero fuel cost, the photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal (ST) units can provide electrical and thermal demands with more less cost. Also, in all regions, using the PV and ST units for electrical and heating demands led to reduce the natural gas consumption and total providing energy cost. Beside the benefits of the PV units, their high initial costs are considerable. The objectives of this study are: (۱) find an optimal size of the PV unit for the minimum electrical cost, (۲) find an optimal size of the ST unit to minimize the thermal cost. To do this, initial data such as solar radiation, electrical and thermal load, ambient temperature, and the characteristics for PV and ST units are gathered. Then, a mathematical model of the unit is presented to define the objective functions and constraints. Then, Sine Cosine Algorithm is applied to find the optimal sizes for a residential house and the results are presented. The results show that the optimal sizes of PV and ST units are ۱۳ m۲ and ۱۲m۲ when total costs are ۱۸۹۱$ and ۵۸۷$, respectively.

کلیدواژه ها:

Optimization ، Photovoltaic ، Renewable Energy ، Sine Cosine Algorithm ، Thermal Unit