D cardone - DiSGG-university of basilicata ۸۵۱۰۰potenza italy
p narjabadifam - department ofcivil engineering bonab uiniversity

seismic retrofitteing of existing structures vulnerable to earthquakes is a key issue in any earthquake prone region. Current design approaches are based on the so called behavior factor to derive distributions of seismic forces compatible with a given ductility demand to the structure. the behavior factor is defined as the ratio of the elastic strength demand imposed on a SDOF model of the structure to the inelastic strength demand for a given ductility ratio.

seismic retrofit , behavior factor , response spectra, shape memory alloys , flag shaped hysteretic models