بررسی فاکتورهای بیماریزایی در قارچ عامل زنگ زرد جو ‭(Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) ‬در مناطق مختلف کشور با کاشت خزانه تله

Barley stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) is an important disease of cultivated barley in several parts of world and sometimes, it causes yield losses due to sever epidemics. In Iran, it is increasing on susceptible cultivars/lines in some parts (such as Northwest and Northern provinces). In order to prevent of disease epidemics and decrease of yield losses; identification of effective genes and virulence factors, use and production of resistant cultivars/lines (particularly durable resistance) will be essential. Thus, for these purposes 48 barley genotypes (including differential sets, promising lines and commercial cultivars) were evaluated in 2007-2009 cropping years. Experiment was conducted under natural infection condition in some parts of Iran. A susceptible cultivar (Afzal) was planted among the experimental entries (10 entry intervals) and also borders of the nursery. At adult plant stage, infection type (IT) of each entry was evaluated based on Roelfs et al, method, when disease developed on susceptible check. The percentage leaf area affected (disease severity) was also scored using the modified Cobb s scale at the same time. The results of virulence and avirulence monitoring in Ardabil showed presence of virulence for Rps2, Rps1.b, Rps3, RpsTr1, RpsTr2, and RpsI5 but in Mashhad virulence was observed for Rps2, Rps1.b and Bancroft. In Sari was not observed virulence for resistance genes (except for Topper cultivar). In this study was also concluded that RpsEm1, RpsEm2, RpsHF, Rps4, Rps1.c, RpsVa1, RpsVa2, RpsAst were effective resistance genes. Among promising lines and commercial cultivars, lines with numbers 3, 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 17, 18 and cultivars Dasht, Aras and Shirin which had low infection, the rest lines and cultivars had high infection to barley stripe rust in one or several locations. Key words: Barley, Yellow Rust, Resistance Evaluation

کلیدواژه ها:

جو (گیاه) ، پوکسینیا استری ایفورمیس ، بیماری زاها ، مقاومت به بیماری ، ارقام ، عملکرد زراعی