Mohammad Sadegh Taghizadeh - Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Mohammad Mehdi Sohani - Biotechnology group, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
Reaz Shirzadian-Khoramabad - Biotechnology group, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran

A few small molecular weight signals, including jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET), regulate the expression of defense-related genes in plants. These signals serve to inhibit the activation of plant defense genes against aggressors and can manipulate the plant's defense signaling pathways. In this study, the impact of acetosyringone on the induction of virulence genes was examined in Agrobacterium tumefaciens A۳۴۸ (MX۳۱۱) and A۳۴۸ (MX۲۴۳) at three different levels: ۰, ۱۰۰, and ۲۰۰ μM. The concentration that demonstrated the highest induction of virulence genes was then used for transforming Arabidopsis mutants using A. tumefaciens EHA۱۰۵, with the aim of inducing virulence genes. Results revealed that virD۲ expression reached its peak at ۲۰۰ μM acetosyringone, while virB۲ expression was highest at ۰ μM. Additionally, transformation experiments indicated that the SA mutants (nahG) exhibited the highest transformation efficiency, while the control plants (Col-۰) displayed the lowest efficiency. Therefore, the efficiency of gene transfer in SA-suppression mutants suggests a more significant role for SA in plant defense against pathogens compared to the other hormones. Enhancing gene transfer efficiency in these mutants could unlock the potential for increased expression and production of recombinant proteins compared to the wild type.

Acetosyringone, In planta, salicylic acid mutant, jasmonic acid mutant, ethylene mutant, PCR